GitHub

GitHub Person

• https://github.com/ldscfe
• https://github.com/ldscf

价格计划(免费版)

• Free
  • The basics for individuals and organizations

• Unlimited public/private repositories
  • Host open source projects in public GitHub repositories, accessible via web or command line. Public repositories are accessible to anyone at GitHub.com.

• 2,000 automation minutes/month
  • Free for public repositories
  • Use execution minutes with GitHub Actions to automate your software development workflows. Write tasks and combine them to build, test, and deploy any code project on GitHub.

• 500MB of Packages storage
  • Free for public repositories
  • Host your own software packages or use them as dependencies in other projects. Both private and public hosting available.

• New Issues & Projects (beta)
  • Community support
  • 免费(个人)版支持无限个数的私有(或公有)仓库, 每月2000分钟的自动构建时长, 单仓库最大 500M.
  • 查看详情: https://github.com/pricing
  • CI/CD，全称：持续集成 (Continuous Integration) ，持续部署 (Continuous Deployment) ，是开发流程的自动化利器

Git

• 当前机器中有 id_rsa
• 远程 github 中已加载 id_rsa.public(settings -> Access -> SSH &GPG keys)

INIT

• git init
  • 在当前目录下建立 .git 目录
  • clone 的目录在此目录下

git config --global user.name ldscfe
git config --global user.email [email protected]
git config --global color.ui true   # git status等命令自动着色

# git config --list

# 自动判断提交位置（clone多个库）
git config --global push.default matching

Repository

clone 远程仓库

# 需要在当前 repositories 下 settings/Deploy keys 中有相应 RSA publickey
# 客户端中 .ssh 中有相应的 id_rsa
git clone [email protected]:ldscfe/pangolin.git
.-OR-.
# 记录 token: Settings -> Developer Settings -> Personal access tokens -> tokens(classic)
git clone https://<Token Name>:<Token>@github.com/ldscfe/devudefj2.git

刷新

git pull

增加文件

git status           # 查看文件状态

git add $FN
git add .            # 所有

提交

# 需要 git add
git commit -m "comment content"
git push

去除文件&目录

# .gitignore
log/
target/
src/test/
.DS_Store
.gitignore

# 已 git add 的文件，在 .gitignore 中标识无效
git rm -f ${FN}      # 已 git add 的文件，删除后.gitignore 中标识有效

分支

# 分支之间切换、恢复文件、创建新分支等
git checkout <branch-name>           # 从当前分支切换到指定的分支 <branch-name>, 或主分支：master
git checkout -                       # 快速切换回前一个分支
git checkout -- <file>               # 将指定文件 <file> 恢复到最新的提交状态，丢弃所有未提交的更改
git checkout -b <new-branch-name>    # 创建一个新分支 <new-branch-name> 并切换
...
# 推送本地和远程都存在的同名分支
git config --global push.default matching

Creating remote repositories

git remote add ldscfe_cpp [email protected]:ldscfe/cpp.git
git remote add ldscfe_pangolin [email protected]:ldscfe/pangolin.git
git remote add ldscfe_udefpy3 [email protected]:ldscfe/udefpy3.git

#You can use the command git remote set-url to change a remote's URL.
git remote set-url <REMOTE_URL>

Public Effect

settings -> Danger Zone -> Change visibility

• The code will be visible to everyone who can visit https://github.com
• Anyone can fork your repository.
• All push rulesets will be disabled.
• Your changes will be published as activity.
• Actions history and logs will be visible to everyone.

Example

DT=`date '+%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S'`
git add .
git commit -m "User-defined class libraries, $DT"
git push

之前最好用 git status 确认一下。

Error

RSA 证书无或错误

ERROR: Permission to XXX/XXX.git denied to deploy key
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
-.OR.-
[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

1. repository 下 settings/Deploy keys 中有相应 RSA publickey
2. 客户端中 .ssh 中有相应的 id_rsa(MacOS 使用 ssh-add)
3. 不同的 repository 使用不同的 RSA publickey

分支冲突，本地版本陈旧

Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.

丢弃本地分支内容

git reset --hard origin/master

首次推送

clone 后，首次 git push 出现:
No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.
Perhaps you should specify a branch.

未指定推送到哪个分支，一般发生在首次推送。

git push origin master

git init

fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git

git remote add 时出现，原因：未 git init

repository 不存在或无权限

git pull 时出现:
ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights and the repository exists.